Although there was slight increase in the levels of cellular MDA, as an index of lipid peroxidation, this increase was not sufficient to cause cell death via oxidative damage. Again, the cellular increase in the levels of progesterone and TH might have mitigated the damaging potentials of peroxidative products and in turn, might have enhanced the tolerance of mitochondria to reactive oxygen species. Interestingly, the reactive oxygen species generated as a result of the administration of these drug candidates may not have been sufficient to elicit oxidative damage.

Mondia Whitei has garnered attention for its potential to boost libido and improve blood flow. This makes it a valuable addition to the wellness routines of those looking to enhance their intimate experiences and overall vitality. Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, Ghersi D, Liberati A, Petticrew M et al (2016) Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Rev Esp Nutr Hum Diet 20(2):148–160 Sun J, Liu SF, Zhang CS, Yu LN, Bi J, Zhu F et al (2012) Chemical composition and antioxidant activities of broussonetia papyrifera fruits. PLoS One 7(2):e32021. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.003202 Erectile dysfunction is a condition where a man finds it problematic to get or keep his erection good enough for satisfactory sexual intercourse. Today, there is no shortage of men who are dealing with erectile dysfunction, and many of them are above the age of 40.

Potent 5:1 Extract: Barlowe's Herbal Elixirs provides a high-quality 5:1 freeze dried extract of Mondia Whitei tuber, ensuring you get the most from this natural botanical.

Sankeshwari R, Ankola A, Bhat K, Hullatti K (2018) Soxhlet versus cold maceration: which method gives better antimicrobial activity to licorice extract against Streptococcus mutans? J Sci Soc 45(2):67–71 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Sciences and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda Mohamed AA, Ali SI, El-Baz FK (2013) Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of crude extracts and essential oils of Syzygium cumini leaves. PLoS One 8(4):e60269 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060269Shetty S, Udupa S, Udupa L (2008) Evaluation of antioxidant and wound healing effects of alcoholic and aqueous extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn in rats. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 5(1):95–101. https://doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nem004 It is known as Mulondo in central Uganda and is commonly found in the tropics from West Africa to southern and eastern Africa. Most developing countries are blessed with such herbal and medicinal resources, and Africa is one of them. Liguori I, Russo G, Curcio F, Bulli G, Aran L, Della-Morte D et al (2018) Oxidative stress, aging, and diseases. Clin Interv Aging 13:757–772. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S158513 Joseph O, Tanayen JK, Barbra K, Lawrence I, Paul W, Francis B et al (2016) Phytochemical and efficacy study on four herbs used in erectile dysfunction: Mondia whiteii, Cola acuminata, Urtica massaica, and Tarenna graveolens. Afr J Pharm Pharmacol 10(37):785–790 Available from: http://www.academicjournals.org/AJPP. Cited 2020 Sep 23 Effects of extracts and fractions of Mondia whitei on mitochondrial ATPase activity at physiological pH (7.4). Data are mean±standard deviation of triplicate determinations (n=5). The mitochondrial ATPase activities in dichloromethane fraction (DCMF) 25 and 50 mg/kg treated groups were significantly lower compared with the normal control group while in methanol extract (ME) 25 mg/kg treated group, mitochondrial ATPase activity was significantly higher compared with the normal control group. The 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNTP) is a standard uncoupler. SD, sildenafil citrate; EF, ethyl acetate fraction; MF, methanol fraction (** P<0.01 and *** P<0.001 compared with the normal control group).

Venter HJT, Verhoeven RL, Bruyns PV (2009) Morphology and taxonomy of Mondia (Apocynaceae: Periplocoideae). S Afr J Bot 75(3):456–465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2009.03.001.Africa, Cameroon, Central Africa, Congo, Congo R, East Africa, Guinea, Guinée, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Southern Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Uganda, West Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Weed Potential Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Kampala International University Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda Tendwa MB, Morris A (2016) Investigating effects of aqueous root extract of Mondia whitei in human sperm functionality. Int J Fertil Steril. 89734971 The mechanism by which the permeability transition pore opening can be stimulated includes response to mitochondrial calcium overload, increase in the generation of reactive oxygen species, and increase in the cytosolic inorganic phosphate (Pi) level through the activation of mATPase. mATPase is the same mitochondrial ATP synthase that performs the bifunctional role of ATP synthesis under physiological conditions and hydrolysis of ATP in its headpiece (catalytic) region in pathological conditions ( 19). In this study, levels of Pi generated via ATPase activity at physiological pH were found to be low. This means that there is a reduction in the level of Pi of the treated animals which is one of the inducers of mitochondrial pore opening. Hydrolysis of ATP by mATPase is one of the underlining factors that can lead to a concomitant increase in Pi concentration and eventual increase in lipid peroxidation and mPT opening ( 20). Mondia Whitei is one of the best herbs for sexual power. Nevertheless, a few people have encountered some side effects of this herb, such as itching, hives, and difficulty breathing. However, these side effects are not serious and can be dealt with with minuscule health care. How effective is Mondia Whitei?

Be a published ethnobotanical survey reporting potential antidepressant effects of medicinal plants Patel S, Gheewala N, Suthar A, Shah A (2009) In-vitro cytotoxicity activity of solanum nigrum extract against HeLa cell line and Vero cell line. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 1(1):38–46One of the significant defensive mechanisms against radical-induced oxidative and nitrosative stress is the nonenzymatic antioxidant defense mechanism. Plant foods, vegetables, and fruit are highly rich in antioxidant properties, which could help prevent chronic diseases caused by oxidative stress. Plant phytochemicals such as flavonoids, carotenoids, phenolic acids, and terpenoids are indicated to be responsible for their enormous antioxidant properties [ 21– 23]. Premature ejaculation is a condition where sperm leave a man's body sooner than the man desires. This problem is so common, and due to unhealthy diets and junk foods, many men are experiencing problems related to their sexual lives. Today, most men are not able to satisfy their partners in bed, and premature ejaculation is the reason behind that. Kuester D, Lippert H, Roessner A, Krueger S (2008) The cathepsin family and their role in colorectal cancer. Pathol Res Pract 204 (7):491–500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prp.2008.04.010 Azwanida NN (2015) A review on the extraction methods use in medicinal plants, principle, strength and limitation. Med. Aromat Plants 4(3):3–8