The forgotten world of NZ's Republic of Whangamomona - The West Australian - - 2023/11/11 01:21 The forgotten world of NZ's Republic of Whangamomona The West Australian...

Source material for the appendices in The Lord of the Rings and some more late writings related to The Silmarillion and The Lord of the Rings. Karen Wynn Fonstad's THE ATLAS OF MIDDLE-EARTH is an essential volume that will enchant all Tolkien fans. Here is the definitive guide to the geography of Middle-earth, from its founding in the Elder Days through the Third Age, including the journeys of Bilbo, Frodo, and the Fellowship of the Ring. Authentic and updated -- nearly one third of the maps are new, and the text is fully revised -- the atlas illuminates the enchanted world created in THE SILMARILLION, THE HOBBIT, and THE LORD OF THE RINGS. This book has completely integrated all of the indices from the previous twelve volumes into one large index. a b Gilliver, Peter; Marshall, Jeremy; Weiner, Edmund (2006). The Ring of Words: Tolkien and the Oxford English Dictionary (1sted.). Oxford University Press. p.164. ISBN 978-0-19-861069-4. Further information: The Atlas of Middle-earth Fonstad created "the most comprehensive set" of thematic maps of Middle-earth, such as Frodo and Sam's route to Mount Doom to destroy the One Ring. [13]Bratman, David (2007). "Studies in English on the works of J.R.R. Tolkien". The Tolkien Estate . Retrieved 29 October 2021. Garth, John (2020). The Worlds of J. R. R. Tolkien: The Places that Inspired Middle-earth. London: Frances Lincoln Publishers. ISBN 978-0-71124-127-5.

The Misty Mountains were thrown up by the Dark Lord Melkor in the First Age to impede Oromë, one of the Valar, who often rode across Middle-earth hunting. [T 4] The Dwarf-realm of Moria was built in the First Age beneath the midpoint of the mountain range. The two major passes across the mountains were the High Pass or Pass of Imladris near Rivendell, with a higher and a lower route, [T 5] [T 6] and the all-year Redhorn Pass further south near Moria. [6] Rhovanion [ edit ]

Family Tree

In ancient German mythology, the whole universe was believed to be comprised of several inter-linked physical worlds – eight for the English mythology and nine for the Nordic mythology. The center of the universe is where the Middle-earth, which is the world of men, lies. The sea, which envelopes this region, houses the lands of the Giants, the gods, and the Elves. Beneath the Middle-earth is where the land of the Dead is. The Bifrost Bridge is the Rainbow Bridge from Norse mythology that connects Middle-earth across the sea to Asgard. There are seven more worlds, which are encircled by an outer sea and they are Jotunheim, Niflheim, Muspellheim, Svartalfheim, Alfheim, Asgard, and Vanaheim. In this line of thinking, a "world" does not necessarily refer to a separate physical region but more of a racial homeland. Middle-earth map. Tolkien cannot take credit for the origin of the name Middle-earth. He sourced it from Middle English [1] word “middle-erde." The etymology of this word is from “middangeard," an Old English of folk origin meaning a yard, a place or any enclosure for the name "Geard,” and “midgaror,” an Old Norse [1] word which is a cognate of the words just mentioned. It has a Germanic translation in the word which the Greeks [1] call οικουμένη or “Oikoumene," to mean "the abiding place of men." Evans, Jonathan. "Monsters". In Drout, Michael D. C. (ed.). J.R.R. Tolkien Encyclopedia: Scholarship and Critical Assessment. p.433. Bilbo's cousin and heir Frodo Baggins sets out on a quest to rid Middle-earth of the One Ring, joined by the Fellowship of the Ring.

The computer game Angband is a free roguelike D&D-style game that features many characters from Tolkien's works. The most complete list of Tolkien-inspired computer games can be found at http://www.lysator.liu.se/tolkien-games/ Larsen, Kristine (2008). Sarah Wells (ed.). "A Little Earth of His Own: Tolkien's Lunar Creation Myths". In the Ring Goes Ever on: Proceedings of the Tolkien 2005 Conference. The Tolkien Society. 2: 394–403. This is from the Crist poems by Cynewulf. The name Éarendel was the inspiration for Tolkien's mariner Eärendil, [T 5] who set sail from the lands of Middle-earth to ask for aid from the angelic powers, the Valar. Tolkien's earliest poem about Eärendil, from 1914, the same year he read the Crist poems, refers to "the mid-world's rim". [3] Tolkien considered middangeard to be "the abiding place of men", [T 6] the physical world in which Man lives out his life and destiny, as opposed to the unseen worlds above and below it, namely Heaven and Hell. He states that it is "my own mother-earth for place", but in an imaginary past time, not some other planet. [T 7] He began to use the term "Middle-earth" in the late 1930s, in place of the earlier terms "Great Lands", "Outer Lands", and "Hither Lands". [3] The first published appearance of the word "Middle-earth" in Tolkien's works is in the prologue to The Lord of the Rings: "Hobbits had, in fact, lived quietly in Middle-earth for many long years before other folk even became aware of them". [T 8] Extended usage [ edit ] Arda versus "Middle-earth": Middle-earth is in geographic terms the name of the continent inhabited by Elves, Dwarves and Men, excluding the home of the Valar on Aman, while Arda is the name of the world. However, "Middle-earth" is widely used for the whole of Tolkien's legendarium. [4] (Depicted: Arda in the Years of the Trees) Tally, Robert T. Jr. (2010). "Let Us Now Praise Famous Orcs: Simple Humanity in Tolkien's Inhuman Creatures". Mythlore. 29 (1). article 3. Notable among them is The Silmarillion, which provides a creation story and description of the cosmology which includes Middle-earth. The Silmarillion is the primary source of information about Valinor, Númenor, and other lands. Also notable are Unfinished Tales and the multiple volumes of The History of Middle-earth, which includes many incomplete stories and essays as well as numerous drafts of Tolkien's Middle-earth mythology, from the earliest forms down through the last writings of his life.By the end of the age, all that remained of the free Elves and Men in Beleriand was a settlement at the mouth of the River Sirion. Among them was Eärendil, who married Elwing. But the Fëanorians again demanded the Silmaril be returned to them, and after their demand was rejected they resolved to take the jewel by force, leading to the Third Kinslaying. Eärendil and Elwing took the Silmaril across the Great Sea, to beg the Valar for pardon and aid. The Valar responded with the War of Wrath. Morgoth was captured, most of his works were destroyed, and he was banished beyond the confines of the world into the Door of Night.

The various conflicts with Melkor resulted in the shapes of the lands being distorted. Originally, there was a single inland body of water, in the midst of which was set the island of Almaren where the Valar lived. When Melkor destroyed the lamps of the Valar which gave light to the world, two vast seas were created, but Almaren and its lake were destroyed. The northern sea became the Sea of Helcar (Helkar). The lands west of the Blue Mountains became Beleriand (meaning, "the land of Balar"). Melkor raised the Misty Mountains to impede the progress of the Vala Oromë as he hunted Melkor's beasts during the period of darkness prior to the awakening of the Elves.Hammond, Wayne G.; Scull, Christina (2004) [1995]. J. R. R. Tolkien: Artist and Illustrator. HarperCollins. ISBN 0-261-10322-9. The Great Tales of Middle-earth ( The Children of Húrin [2007] • Beren and Lúthien [2017] • The Fall of Gondolin [2018])